Endocrine Abstracts

Brain tumors are on the 3rd place in terms of growth rates of incidence among oncological diseases. By virtue of the improvement of neurosurgical treatment methods, with the use of modern chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the survival of patients with benign and malignant brain tumors is increasing. A significant proportion of patients with such tumors are young people of reproductive age who are interested in maintaining their fertility. Neurosurgical removal of tumors, whi...

Thyrotropinoma (TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas, TSH-AG) are rare tumor of the pituitary (0.5–2% of all pituitary adenomas). Localization of the tumor with the appropriate neuroendocrine disorders has features in the clinic. This is due to the direct damage to the nucleus and structures of the pituitary with hypersecretion of TSH, which leads to overstimulation of the thyroid gland and the emergence of the clinical picture of ‘central’ hyperthyroidism. Differen...

A 32-year-old woman presented with primary amenorrhea, prolactin (PRL) level of 154150 mIU/l (40–530 mIU/l) diagnosed with an endo-supra-infra-laterosellar giant pituitary adenoma measuring maximum 6.2 cm. The patient was prescribed a treatment with cabergoline (CAB) at an initial dose of 0.5 mg per week. The treatment decreased the tumour size and brought to normal the level of PRL. After 7 months of CAB treatment menarche was achieved, after 12 months the patient became...

Objective: To study epileptic seizures in patients with large and giant prolactinomas.Patients and methods: The study group included 45 patients with large prolactinoma (more 36 mm in diameter) and 23 patients with giant prolactinoma (more than 60 mm in diameter). 55 men and 13 women aged 16–67 years (mean 39). Patients were followed by hormone measurements, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and endocrinological, psychopat...

Background: Hyponatremia is a relatively frequent and serious complication developed in patients with different neurosurgical pathology. The aim of the study was to identify the frequency of occurrence of hyponatremia in neurosurgical patients.Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis included 39479 patients operated in the Institute of Neurosurgery from January 2008 to December 2014.Results: 785 patients (2% of all operated ...

The problem of the influence of disturbances of Hyper- or Hyponatraemia is the most common disorder of body fluid and electrolyte balance encountered in clinical practice. Electrolyte disbalance affected on the formation of mental disorders, their structure and dynamics in the literature has not been sufficiently studied. Perhaps there are certain factors and patterns of the influence of hypo- and hypernatraemia on mental activity with various lesions of the brain, which requi...

The article presents a case of permanent central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in a patient after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in traffic accident. A 16-year-old boy entered to a medical facility in the coma (6 points of Glasgow Coma scale (GCS)). Diagnosis: acute TBI; severe cerebral contusion; subarachnoid hemorrhage; depressed comminuted cranial vault fracture; basilar skull fracture; visceral contusion. CDI diagnosed three days after injury when polyuria and hypernatremi...

Presented case demonstrates a rare diencephalic pathology — adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI) with severe hypernatremia in a 58-year-old woman after ttranssphenoidal removal of stalk intraventricular craniopharyngioma. ADI was diagnosed because of hypernatremia (150–155 mmol/l), polyuria (up to 4 liters per day) and absence of thirst. Normalization of wa- ter-electrolyte balance occurred on the background of desmopressin therapy and sufficient hydration in postoperati...

Objective: Prospective study of cabergoline effect in newly diagnosed patients with giant invasive prolactinomas.Patients and methods: The study group included 121 patients with giant prolactinomas (tumors larger than 40 mm in size); among them 49 patients had tumors larger than 60 mm in size. 91 male and 30 female aged 16–67 years (median 37) were treated with 0.5–3.5 mg/week (mean 1.5 mg) cabergoline. The treatment period was 6–120 month...

Among tumors of the diencephalic region there are: pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, gliomas, meningiomas and others. They differ in location, histology, clinic with corresponding hormonal disorders. Emotional disorders in the clinic of tumors of the diencephalic region are revealed in 2–67% by the literature. Emotional disturbances with hormone-active pituitary adenomas there are 30–60%, and with non-functioning pituitary adenomas there are ones less than 6%. ...